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海面是不静止的,时刻在运动着。在解决实际问题时,一般采用平均海平面。平均海平面是以自记验潮仪(或水尺)进行长期观测而计算得到的,通常是取观测记录每整小时潮高的平均值,称为该观测时期的平均海平面。 平均海平面是作为计算陆地高度的起算面,也就是山高的基准面。海图深度基准面也是依赖于平均海平面算出的。由于海面受天文、气象、海洋因素等影响,真实的平均海平面不易求出,但我们可应用多年的平均海平面逼近它。
The sea is not static, always in motion. In solving practical problems, the average sea level is generally used. The average sea level is calculated from the long-term observation of tide gauge (or water meter), usually taking the average of the tide height of each hour of the observation record as the average sea level of the observation period. The average sea level is used as a starting point for calculating the height of the land, that is, the height of the mountain. The chart depth datum is also dependent on the average sea level. As the sea surface is subject to astronomical, meteorological and marine factors, the true average sea level is not easy to find, but we can approach it by applying the average sea level over many years.