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南非实行的种族隔离制度历来为国际社会瞩目。当前,南非在消除种族隔离制度方面已经迈出了可喜的步伐,但反对种族主义的斗争还是一项长期的任务。因为,南非种族主义的产生有其深刻的政治、经济原因,还有深远的历史根源。南非种族主义的产生、发展经历了一个漫长的历史过程,大致可以1922年兰德罢工和1948年国民党再次上台执政为界标划分为三个阶段。本文着重分析兰德罢工前后(1867—1948年)的阶级关系与种族主义的变化,希望对加深认识反种族主义斗争的艰巨性有所启迪。
The apartheid system practiced in South Africa has always drawn the attention of the international community. At present, South Africa has made encouraging progress in eliminating the system of apartheid, but fighting the racism is still a long-term task. Because racism in South Africa has its own deep political and economic reasons, as well as far-reaching historical roots. The emergence and development of racism in South Africa have undergone a long historical process that can be roughly divided into three stages under the Landmark strike of 1922 and the re-election of the Kuomintang in 1948. This article focuses on the changes of class relations and racism before and after the Rand strike (1867-1948), hoping to inspire the arduousness of deepening the struggle against racism.