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自从隋文帝杨坚废除了保持士族特权的官僚选拔制度——九品中正制以后,通过开科考试选拔官吏的科举制度,一直沿袭到清光绪三十一年(1905年)推行学校教育为止,历时1300余年。封建科举制度能延续这样长的时间,与封建统冶者着意笼络士子是分不开的。在科举制度中列为成规的科举四宴,便是笼络士子的典型例证。四宴之中,鹿鸣宴、琼林宴为文科宴,会武宴、鹰扬宴为武科宴。“鹿鸣宴”是为新科举子而设的宴会,起于唐代。唐时乡举考试以后,
Since Sui Wendi Yang Jian abolished the bureaucratic system of selecting and maintaining officials’ privileges, the system of examining civil servants through the examination of civil servants has been followed until the introduction of school education in the 31st year of the Guangxu reign (1905) 1300 years. Feudal system of civil examinations can continue such a long time, and the feudalism who deliberately catch the scholar are inseparable. In the imperial examination system as a rule, the imperial examination four feast, is a typical illustration of the winners. Among the four feast, Luming feast, Qionglin feast for the arts feast, will Wu feast, eagles feast Wu Wu feast. “Luming Feast” is a banquet for the new imperial envy, from the Tang Dynasty. Tang Township after the exams,