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TiB2 ceramics powder was synthesized from B2O3-TiO2-Mg system. The effects of TiB2 addition as diluent on the combustion synthesis process were investigated. The results of thermodynamic calculation and experiments show that the increase of TiB2 content ranging from 0 to 20wt% can reduce the adiabatic temperature Tad from 3100 K to 2896 K and combustion temperature Tc from 2139 K to 1621 K respectively. The particle size and half width of the particle distribution are also increased with the addition of TiB2 increasing from 0 to 20wt%. The combustion product is a mixture of TiB2, MgO, and other intermediate phases. The leached product contains mainly TiB2, TiO2 and TiN, and its oxygen content is 7.77wt%.