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目的了解2007-2008年广州市监测点医院门诊5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻散发病例中诺如病毒感染状况及基因型别。方法收集广州市2007-2008年监测点医院门诊临床诊断为病毒性腹泻的患儿临床资料及粪便标本954份,采用ELISA方法检测诺如病毒、轮状病毒,将诺如病毒抗原阳性的标本用RT-PCR方法进行诺如病毒核酸扩增,将阳性产物回收、纯化并测序,结合GenBank中的相关序列进行型别流行特点分析。结果 954份标本中,ELISA方法检测各种病毒的抗原阳性率为诺如病毒18.8%(179/954),其中07年12.2%(32/262),08年21.2%(147/692),轮状病毒30.8%。诺如病毒腹泻病例发病高峰在8～11月份,2岁以下病例数占全部病例的91.6%,病例集中在6～23月龄。RT-PCR方法检测诺如病毒核酸阳性率为80.4%(144/179),144份诺如病毒核酸阳性标本经测序及与GenBank中的相关序列比对证实有1份是GⅡ2型,其余全部为GⅡ4型。结论诺如病毒是广州市门诊5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的常见病原之一,仅次于轮状病毒,常见于2岁以下婴幼儿,2007-2008年流行优势株基因型为GⅡ4型。
Objective To understand the status and genotypes of norovirus infection in cases of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age from 2007 to 2008 in Guangzhou Monitoring Point Hospital. Methods The clinical data and stool samples of 954 children with clinical diagnosis of viral diarrhea from outpatient clinics of monitoring hospitals in Guangzhou City during 2007-2008 were collected. Norovirus, rotavirus and norovirus positive samples were detected by ELISA RT-PCR method for Norovirus nucleic acid amplification, the positive product was recovered, purified and sequenced, combined with GenBank related sequences for type epidemiological characteristics. Results Among 954 samples, the positive rate of each antigen detected by ELISA was 18.8% (179/954) of Norovirus, including 12.2% (32/262) in 2007, 21.2% (147/692) in 2008, Like virus 30.8%. Norovirus virus diarrhea peak incidence in 8 ~ November, the number of cases under 2 years of age accounted for 91.6% of all cases, the cases concentrated in 6 to 23 months of age. The positive rate of Norovirus nucleic acid detected by RT-PCR was 80.4% (144/179). One hundred and seventy-four norovirus positive samples were sequenced and confirmed to be GⅡ2 by comparison with the corresponding sequences in GenBank. The rest were G Ⅱ 4 type. Conclusions Norovirus is one of the common pathogens of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in Guangzhou City, second only to rotavirus, which is common in infants under 2 years of age. The genotype of predominant strains in 2007-2008 was GⅡ4.