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目的了解早产儿视网膜功能发育程度。方法选取健康无眼病早产儿和足月产婴儿各25例进行闪光视网膜电图(ERG)检测,记录视杆细胞反应、视锥细胞反应及最大混合反应。对比分析两组婴儿的ERG各波反应的潜伏期、振幅以及最大反应b/a波振幅比值。结果与足月产婴儿比较,早产儿视杆细胞反应潜伏期延长(t=11.007,P=0.000),差异具有统计学意义,而振幅没有明显改变(t=1.836,P=0.069);最大反应a、b波潜伏期延长(t=2.44,P=0.010;t=10.800,P=0.000),而振幅降低(t=5.804,P=0.000;t=5.809,P=0.000),差异具有统计学意义。两组婴儿视锥细胞反应除b波振幅无明显差异外(t=0.486,P=0.628),a波潜伏期(t=4.444,P=0.000)和振幅(t=3.819,P=0.000)及b波潜伏期(t=2.850,P=0.005)差异具有统计学意义。两组间最大混合反应的b/a波振幅比值没有明显差异(t=1.142,P=0.256)。结论早产儿视网膜发育程度较足月产婴儿稍低。
Objective To understand the development of retinal function in preterm children. Methods 25 cases of healthy non-ocular preterm infants and full-term infants were examined by flash electroretinography (ERG). Rod photoreceptor cell reaction, cone cell reaction and maximal mixed reaction were recorded. The latency, amplitude and b / a amplitude ratio of ERG wave responses were compared between two groups of infants. Results Compared with full-term infants, the latency of rod reaction in preterm infants was prolonged (t = 11.007, P = 0.000), the difference was statistically significant, but the amplitude did not change significantly (t = 1.836, P = 0.069) (T = 2.44, P = 0.010; t = 10.800, P = 0.000), while amplitude decreased (t = 5.804, P = 0.000; t = 5.809, P = 0.000). The difference was statistically significant. The cones of the two groups showed no significant difference in b wave amplitudes (t = 0.486, P = 0.628), a wave latency (t = 4.444, P = 0.000) and amplitude The latency of wave (t = 2.850, P = 0.005) was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the b / a amplitude ratio between the two mixtures (t = 1.142, P = 0.256). Conclusion The retinal development in preterm infants is slightly lower than that of full-term infants.