The change of the expression of Cyclins in neurons of rats after focal cerebral ischemia was investigated. Ischemia was induced by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The experimental rats induced by MCAO were sacrificed on 7th and 14th day after reperfusion. The brain was taken out at 7th and 14th day after injury, and the expression of Cyclin D1＞, E, A and B1＞ in neu- rons of cerebral cortex or hippocampal Cal region was detected by immunofluorescence and confo- cai microscope. The results showed that after MCAO, in the ipsilateral CAI subfield of hippocampus the expression of Cyclin D1, E, A and B1 in neurons was significantly gradually up-regulated at 7th and 14th day after reperfusion (P＜0.05) as compared with that in control group. In the ipsilateral cerebral cortex the expression of Cyclin D1 and B1 in neurons was notably gradually down-regulated at 7th and 14th day, and that of Cyclin E and A was significantly up-regulated at 14th day after reper- fusion as compared with that in control group (all P＜0.05). It was concluded that there was a differ- ential sensitivity among neurons from different brain regions to ischemic injury. But all of them re-enter into cell cycle after MCAO.