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目的评价社区儿童接种病毒性乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)的免疫效果。方法用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测儿童接种HepB后血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)。结果儿童HepB首针(HepB1)及时接种率、全程及时接种率及全程接种率均逐年上升。抗-HBs阳性率86.12%,HepB保护率91.74%。2006年随机抽检<15岁儿童735人,与纳入计划免疫管理前的1991年相比,HBsAg阳性率1.09%,HBsAg阳性率下降了85.69%;抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别为65.71%、8.03%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=346.70、12.30,P均<0.01);102名抗-HBs阴性儿童复种大剂量HepB后抗-HBs阳性率79.41%;加强免疫和未加强免疫儿童抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.61,P<0.01)。结论社区儿童接种HepB有很好的免疫效果,抗-HBs阴性儿童复种大剂量HepB能提高抗-HBs阳性率。
Objective To evaluate the immunization efficacy of HepB in children with viral hepatitis B (Hepatitis B). Methods Serum hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBc) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Results HepB first-dose (HepB1) timely vaccination rate, full-time vaccination rate and full vaccination rate increased year by year. Anti-HBs positive rate of 86.12%, HepB protection rate of 91.74%. In 2006, 735 children aged <15 years were randomly selected. Compared with 1991 before planned immunization, the positive rate of HBsAg was 1.09% and the positive rate of HBsAg was decreased by 85.69%. The positive rates of anti-HBs and anti-HBc were 65.71% , 8.03%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 346.70,12.30, P <0.01). The positive rate of anti-HBs in high-dose HepB was 79.41% in 102 anti-HBs negative children. The positive rate of anti-HBs was significantly different (χ2 = 15.61, P <0.01). Conclusion Community HepB immunized children have a good immune effect, anti-HBs negative children with multiple doses of HepB can increase anti-HBs positive rate.