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目的探讨左向右分流型先天性心脏病大鼠在慢性缺氧条件下肺循环及生长发育情况。方法选取SPF级4~5周龄雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为观察组(行套管法右颈总动脉-颈外静脉分流术)和对照组,每组30只。观察组和对照组再根据不同氧浓度分为常氧(21%O2)组和低氧(12%O2)组,每组15只。检测各组大鼠生长发育、肺动脉和主动脉压力以及右心室肥厚指数(RVHI)等指标。结果对照低氧组、观察常氧组和观察低氧组肺动脉肌层及内膜均有不同程度增厚以及肺小动脉肌化管腔狭窄,而对照常氧组血管内膜光滑、内皮细胞连续,血管管壁薄、厚度均匀。各组大鼠6周后体重增长两两比较比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组大鼠肺动脉平均压(m PAP)和右室平均压(mRVP)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而主动脉平均压(MAP)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组大鼠RVHI和中膜厚度百分比(MT%)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论左向右分流型先天性心脏病大鼠在慢性缺氧条件下生长缓慢,出现右心室肥厚等病理改变。
Objective To investigate the pulmonary circulation and growth in rats with left-right shunt congenital heart disease under chronic hypoxia. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 4 to 5 weeks were selected and randomly divided into observation group (coturnral right common carotid artery-external jugular shunt) and control group, 30 rats in each group. The observation group and the control group were divided into normoxia (21% O2) group and hypoxia (12% O2) group, 15 rats in each group according to different oxygen concentration. The indexes of growth and development, pulmonary artery and aortic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) in each group were detected. Results Compared with the hypoxia group, both the normoxia group and the hypoxia group showed pulmonary arterial layer and intima were thickening of varying degrees and muscular stenosis of pulmonary arterioles, while the control group normoxia group vascular intima was smooth, endothelial cells were continuous The blood vessel wall is thin and the thickness is even. The weight gain of rats in each group after 6 weeks showed no significant difference (P <0.05). There were significant differences in mean pulmonary hypertension (m PAP) and right ventricular mean pressure (mRVP) between the two groups (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in mean aortic pressure (MAP) between the two groups (P> 0.05) . There was significant difference in the percentages of RVHI and MT% in each group (P <0.05). Conclusion Left ventricular tachycardia congenital heart disease rat grows slowly under chronic hypoxia, with right ventricular hypertrophy and other pathological changes.