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利用盆栽试验,在15℃和5℃低温胁迫下研究了丛枝菌根(AM)真菌对玉米生长、叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光和光合作用的影响.结果表明:低温胁迫抑制了AM真菌的侵染;接种AM真菌的玉米地上部和地下部干物质量、相对叶绿素含量高于不接种植株.与非菌根玉米相比,菌根玉米具有较高的最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)及较低的初始荧光(Fo),并且在5℃处理中差异显著.接种AM真菌使玉米叶片的净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)显著增强;低温胁迫下,菌根植株的气孔导度(Gs)显著高于非菌根植株;而胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著低于非菌根植株.表明AM真菌可通过提高叶绿素含量及改善叶片叶绿素荧光和光合作用来减轻低温胁迫对玉米植株造成的伤害,提高玉米耐受低温的能力,进而提高玉米的生物量,促进玉米生长.
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis of maize were studied by pot experiment under low temperature stress of 15 ℃ and 5 ℃. The results showed that cold stress inhibited the infection of AM fungi (P <0.05), the relative chlorophyll content of aerial part and ground part of corn inoculated with AM fungi was higher than that of non-inoculated plants, mycorrhizal corn had higher maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv) , Maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) and potential photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fo) and low initial fluorescence (Fo), and significant difference in the treatment at 5 ℃. AM fungi inoculated corn leaves net photosynthetic rate (Pn) And transpiration rate (Tr) were significantly enhanced. Under low temperature stress, the stomatal conductance (Gs) of mycorrhizal plants was significantly higher than that of non-mycorrhizal plants and the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was significantly lower than that of non-mycorrhizal plants. By increasing chlorophyll content and improving leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis to reduce the damage caused by low temperature stress on maize plants and improve the ability of maize to tolerate low temperature, thereby increasing the biomass of maize and promoting the growth of maize.