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美国法律现实主义有关法律本质的实质性理论。主张法律不是规则而是事实。这里夸大了自由法论题,涉及形式主义偏见、言词主义偏见、历史偏见、唯名论偏见和职业偏见。其有关法律科学本质的形式性理论,主张法律科学不是理性科学而是经验科学。这里夸大了社会学论题,涉及对自然科学与文化科学的混淆、对解说与证成的混淆、对法律与伦理的混淆、对实在及其意义的混淆、对概念及其某一构成元素的混淆、对判例与判例法的混淆。严格贯彻美国法律现实主义的这两项理论将引发十分荒谬的结果。健全的方法需要健全的方法论支撑;美国和德国的法学家应当寻求合作、取长补短。
The substantive theory of the legal nature of American legal realism. Advocating law is not a rule but a fact. The topic of liberal law is exaggerated here, and involves formalistic prejudices, prejudice in the rhetoric, historical prejudices, nominalist prejudice and prejudice. Its formal theory of the nature of law science claims that legal science is not a rational science but an empirical science. The exposition of sociology is exaggerated here, involving the confusion of the natural sciences and cultural sciences, the confusion of explanation and proof, the confusion of law and ethics, the confusion of reality and its significance, the confusion of concept and one of its constituent elements , The confusion of case law and case law. These two theories, which strictly implement the American legal realism, will lead to very absurd results. A sound approach requires robust methodological support; legal scholars in the United States and Germany should seek cooperation and learn from each other.