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免疫性损伤引起肾小球肾炎为肾炎主要发病机制之一,由于免疫性复合物在肾小球中沉积,引起组织受损,其中补体作用不可忽视,补体损害机制也较复杂,本文就补体的激活途径,参与免疫损伤机制及临床意义作一综述。 1 补体及其激活过程 补体是正常人血清中存在的一组不稳定球蛋白,属α、β、γ球蛋白,整个补体系统为抗原抗体反应引起的原发性体液介质,其功能为协助、补充、加强抗体免疫作用,但首要条件是必须补体系统先被激活,然后才能加强免疫作用。 激活补体途径可以分成二种,即典型途径和旁路途径,以前者居多,链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎(PSGN)即属经典途径激活且于临床儿科、内科极为常见,现将两条激活途径加以复习。
Immune damage caused by glomerulonephritis glomerulonephritis is one of the main pathogenesis of glomerular deposition of immune complexes in the glomerular damage caused by tissue, of which complement can not be ignored, the mechanism of complement damage is more complex, this article on complement Activation pathway, involved in immune damage mechanism and clinical significance are reviewed. 1 complement and its activation process of complement is a group of normal human serum is unstable globulin, is a, β, γ globulin, the entire complement system for antigen-antibody reaction caused by the primary body fluid medium, its function is to assist, Supplement to strengthen the role of antibody immunity, but the first condition is that the complement system must be activated before it can enhance the immune function. Activation of complement pathway can be divided into two types, the typical pathway and bypass pathway, the former mostly streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a classic pathway activation and clinical pediatrics, medical is extremely common, now the two activation Way to review.