论文部分内容阅读
Talmy认为在英语运动事件中,主体优先于参照物出现,在句法上的映射等级顺序为主语>直接宾语>间接宾语。在汉语的运动事件中,无论是自发运动还是致使运动都同样遵循主体优先于参照物原则。映射的汉语语法等级顺序为主语>把字结构>直接宾语>间接宾语、补语、定语。Talmy主体优先原则创新之处在于将叠加于语法结构中的语义角色分析出来,对语义和句法的映射关系进行研究。沿着这一思路就汉英如何用各种句法结构来表达主体和参照物概念这一问题,做进一步对比研究。
Talmy argues that in the English movement events, the subject takes precedence over the reference object and the order of the mappings in the syntax is the subject> direct object> indirect object. In Chinese sports events, both spontaneous and induced movements follow the principle that subjects take precedence over references. The order of the Chinese grammars mapped is subject> word structure> direct object> indirect object, complement and attribute. The innovation of Talmy’s principle of principal priority lies in the analysis of the semantic roles superimposed on the grammatical structure and the study of the mapping between semantics and syntax. Along this line of thought, we will make further comparative studies on how Chinese and English use various syntactic structures to express the concepts of subjects and reference objects.