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1980—1981年在江苏沭阳县城郊公社叶庄大队进行小麦高产、低成本栽培试验,种植的100.14亩淮麦11号小麦平均亩产1090.5斤。高产田小麦每百斤的生产成本为4.4元,一般大田小麦每百斤为5.7元,高产田比一般田降低30.7％。 淮北地区半冬性多穗型品种千斤小麦的合理群体动态模式:基本苗10—12万,最高茎蘖数90—110万,每亩穗数45—50万,每穗30粒以上,千粒重38—40克。叶面积指数控制指标,越冬始期1.5—2,拔节期4左右,最大叶面积指数7左右,乳熟期3.5—4。干物质积累量,越冬期150—200公斤,拔节期400公斤左右,孕穗期750—900公斤,灌浆成熟期1300—1400公斤,经济系数0.4左右。 达到上述高产模式的主要栽培技术措施:(1)适期早播,充分利用温、光资源,促苗早发;(2)提高整地和播种质量,保证苗全、苗匀;(3)看苗诊断,合理用肥,施足基肥,看苗补施分蘖肥,拔节孕穗期看苗追施穗肥,保花增粒;(4)建立田间灌排工程,根据土壤墒情和小麦生长情况,合理用水,满足小麦对水分的要求。
1980-1981 High-yielding and low-cost wheat cultivation experiments were conducted in the Yezhuang Brigade, Suburb of Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province. The average yield per mu of 100.14 mu of Huai Mai 11 grown was 1090.5 kg. The production cost per 100 catties of high-yielding wheat is 4.4 yuan per kilogram, and that of general-field wheat is 5.7 yuan per kilogram. The high-yield farmland is 30.7% lower than the average farmland. Huaibei semi-winter multi-spike variety reasonable population dynamic model group: the basic seedlings of 10-12 million, the maximum number of tillers 90-110 million per acre 45-50,000, more than 30 per panicle, grain weight 38 -40 grams. Leaf area index control indicators, the beginning of the winter 1.5-2, about 4 jointing, the largest leaf area index of about 7, milk maturity 3.5-4. Dry matter accumulation, overwintering 150-200 kg, jointing period of about 400 kg, booting 750-900 kg, grain filling maturity 1300-1400 kg, the economic coefficient of about 0.4. To achieve the above high-yield mode of cultivation techniques and measures: (1) early sowing period, make full use of temperature and light resources, promoting seedling early hair; (2) improve soil preparation and sowing quality, to ensure that all Miao, Miao uniform; (4) To establish a field irrigation and drainage project, according to the soil moisture and wheat growth situation, to determine the seedling growth rate, Rational use of water to meet the water requirements of wheat.