【摘 要】
：
目的探究产后疲乏(postpartum fatigue，PPF)对母鼠母性行为的影响及其机制。方法将产后第1天Sprague Dawley(SD)母鼠按照随机数字表法分为产后疲乏组(PPF组)和对照组，每组9只。通过强迫母鼠水中站立的方法构建产后疲乏母鼠模型，为维持泌乳每3 h将母鼠与仔鼠合笼90 min，疲乏刺激持续7 d。对照组母鼠与仔鼠仅进行常规的母婴分离。记录仔鼠出生时、造模第7天的身长和
【机 构】
：
南通大学医学院 226001,南通大学附属医院护理研究所 226001,南通大学医学院 226001,南通大学医学院 226001,南通大学医学院 226001,南通大学医学院 226001,南通大学
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目的探究产后疲乏(postpartum fatigue，PPF)对母鼠母性行为的影响及其机制。
方法将产后第1天Sprague Dawley(SD)母鼠按照随机数字表法分为产后疲乏组(PPF组)和对照组，每组9只。通过强迫母鼠水中站立的方法构建产后疲乏母鼠模型，为维持泌乳每3 h将母鼠与仔鼠合笼90 min，疲乏刺激持续7 d。对照组母鼠与仔鼠仅进行常规的母婴分离。记录仔鼠出生时、造模第7天的身长和体质量。造模第7天，通过视频观察分析母鼠哺乳、筑巢、舔舐、衔回仔鼠四种典型的母性行为。HE染色观察母鼠下丘脑室旁核(paraventricular hypothalamus，PVH)神经元细胞的形态。免疫组化和免疫荧光法检测母鼠下丘脑室旁核催产素(oxytocin in the paraventricular hypothalamus，OxtPVH)表达量，qRT-PCR和Western法分别检测母鼠脑垂体泌乳素(prolactin，PRL)的基因及蛋白表达水平。SPSS 22.0用于数据统计分析，两组间正态分布连续变量的比较采用t检验，两组间非正态分布的连续变量采用Mann-Whitney U非参数检验。
结果造模第7天，与对照组比较，PPF组仔鼠身长[(5.82±0.17)cm，(6.24±0.36)cm]较短、体质量增加[(5.33±2.54)g，(7.92±2.54)g]减少(t＝3.199，2.227，均P<0.05)。与对照组相比，PPF组母鼠合笼后出现啃食笼盖、咬尾转圈、反复筑巢、拒绝哺乳等异常行为，PPF组母鼠衔回第一只仔鼠和最后一只仔鼠潜伏期[(39.25±3.50)s，(280.75±59.16)s]较对照组[(19.25±7.68)s，(146.00±49.62)s]均显著延长(t＝-4.742，-3.490，P<0.05)；PPF组母鼠筑巢和舔舐仔鼠持续时间[(19.50±12.69)s，(95.50±70.55)s]较对照组[(68.00±37.59)s，(243.00±62.07)s]均显著缩短(t＝2.445，3.139，均P<0.05)。与对照组相比，PPF组母鼠PVH神经元细胞排列紊乱，OxtPVH的含量显著下降。PPF组母鼠脑垂体PRL在基因水平[0.33(0.29，0.38)，0.85(0.76，1.76)；Z＝-3.576，P<0.05]和蛋白水平[(1.00±0.65)，(4.17±0.49)；t＝-7.726，P<0.05]较对照组显著下降。
结论产后疲乏母鼠的衔回行为、筑巢行为和舔舐仔鼠的行为能力降低，这可能与母鼠OxtPVH和PRL的表达下降有关。
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