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成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/CRISPR相关蛋白（Cas）系统，作为原核生物的适应性免疫防御系统，近年来已经被开发成为一种高效的分子诊断工具，其特异、灵敏、快速、便捷等优势使得其在分子诊断领域，尤其是在感染性疾病的诊断上有着极佳的发展前景。本文旨在对CRISPR/Cas系统在感染性疾病诊断的应用现状、优势和局限以及未来的研究方向做一介绍和探讨。“,”The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) systems, as an adaptive immune defense system for prokaryotes, has developed into an efficient molecular diagnostic tool in recent years. It has the advantages of great specificity, high sensitivity, time-saving, and easy operation. Thus, this system has broad prospects in molecular diagnosis, especially the diagnosis of infectious diseases. In this article, the current status of the application of the CRISPR/Cas system in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, its advantages and limitations were introduced, as well as future trends.