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以市售新鲜怀山药为原料通过石灰水浸泡法制备山药粉,并通过正丁醇反复结晶法分离纯化直链淀粉与支链淀粉。利用碘做显色剂,使用毛细管电泳法测定山药淀粉中直链淀粉与支链淀粉的含量以及比率,本文分别对柠檬酸-磷酸盐缓冲液以及醋酸-醋酸盐缓冲液等不同缓冲液作为流动相进行了对比,实验发现醋酸-醋酸盐缓冲液对于分离测定直链淀粉与支链淀粉的效果较好。随后分析了不同p H条件下的醋酸-醋酸盐缓冲液进行的分离效果进行了比较,并测定其迁移率,当p H 4.8时分离效果最佳且其迁移率达到15.4。利用最佳条件使用纯的马铃薯直链淀粉与支链淀粉标准品,得出支链淀粉的保留时间约为1.8 min,而直链淀粉的保留时间约为2.9 min,对怀山药淀粉进行分析,从而得出怀山药中直链淀粉含量为19.49%。利用重复性试验以及回收率试验该方法的准确性与精确度能达到很好的效果。
The yam powder was prepared by fresh lime yam marketed in the market by limewater immersion method, and the amylose and amylopectin were separated and purified by repeated crystallization of n-butanol. The use of iodine as a color reagent, the use of capillary electrophoresis determination of amylose amylopectin and amylopectin content and the ratio of citrate - phosphate buffer and acetic acid - acetate buffer, respectively, such as different buffers as The mobile phase was compared. It was found that acetic acid-acetate buffer had better effect on the separation and determination of amylose and amylopectin. Subsequently, the separation efficiency of acetic acid-acetate buffer under different p H conditions was compared and the mobility was determined. When p H 4.8, the separation efficiency was the best and the mobility was 15.4. Using the pure potato amylose and amylopectin standard under the best conditions, the amylopectin retention time was about 1.8 min, while the amylose retention time was about 2.9 min, As a result, the amylose content in the yam was 19.49%. The repeatability test and the recovery test of the accuracy and accuracy of the method can achieve good results.