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民歌是民间歌曲的简称,是中国各族人民在长期劳动和社会生活中集体创造出来的,是反映人民的社会生活和思想感情最直接、最真切的方法,与人们的社会生活密切相连。我国幅员辽阔,各地的气候、地理、劳动方式、生活习俗、风土人情各异,相应各地的民歌也不同,致使体裁划分复杂化。一般将汉族民歌划分为劳动号子、山歌、小调三种基本题材。其中,山歌中的一般山歌在各地区产生了各自不同的称谓,形成“歌种”。例如,陕北的“信天游”、山西的“山曲”、内蒙古的“爬山调”、西北的“花儿”、湖北的“赶五句”等等。
Folk songs, short for folk songs, are collectively created by the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in long-term labor and social life. They are the most direct and true way of reflecting people’s social life and thoughts and feelings, and are closely linked with people’s social life. Our country has a vast territory, with different climate, geography, working methods, living customs and customs of the people all over the country. Corresponding local folk songs are also different, resulting in complicated genres. Han folk songs are generally divided into labor numbers, folk songs, minor three basic themes. Among them, the folk songs in the folk songs in different regions have their own different titles, the formation of “song species ”. For example, in northern Shaanxi, “” letter and day tour “,” Shanqu “in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia,” Mountaineering adjustment “,” Flower “in the northwest, Hubei” catch five "and so on.