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研究了限量交替灌溉条件下小麦间作玉米的产量效应和水分利用效率(WUE),并采用微型蒸渗仪测定了小麦间作玉米的棵间蒸发量,分析了影响间作棵间蒸发量的主要因素。结果表明,在低、中、高3个灌水水平下,小麦间作玉米的土地当量比分别达到了1.25、1.22、1.28,WUE较单作小麦和单作玉米的加权平均分别提高了5.8%、7.2%、16.9%。间作的日棵间蒸发量较单作加权平均分别高10.75%、8.53%、4.41%,棵间蒸发量占蒸散量比重间作较单作高6.0%～11.7%,降低表土层的土壤含水量是降低间作棵间蒸发的可行措施之一。间作通过叶日积的增大提高了作物产量和WUE,但其全生育期较低的叶面积指数不利于无效蒸发的抑制。
The yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of intercropping of wheat under limited alternate irrigation were studied. The transpiration of intercropping wheat was measured by micro-lysimeter, and the main factors influencing intercropping evapotranspiration were analyzed. The results showed that the land equivalent ratios of wheat intercropping maize reached 1.25, 1.22 and 1.28 respectively under low, middle and high irrigation levels. The weighted average of WUE was 5.8% and 7.2% higher than that of single wheat and single corn respectively %, 16.9%. The inter-crop evapotranspiration was 10.75%, 8.53% and 4.41% higher than that of single cropping alone, and the intercropping evapotranspiration was 6.0% ~ 11.7% higher than that of single cropping. The soil water content of topsoil was decreased One of the possible measures to reduce the evaporation between plants. Intercropping increased crop yield and WUE by increasing leaf area per unit area, but lower leaf area index during the whole growth period was detrimental to inhibition of ineffective evaporation.