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通过化学成分、结构受力、显微组织和断口形貌分析等手段,对电气化铁路接触网的SUS304不锈钢定位器基座断裂失效的原因进行分析。结果表明,局部腐蚀与疲劳过载的共同作用是导致该不锈钢零件断裂失效的主要原因。由于所用SUS304不锈钢中含C、Cr量比JIS标准偏高,易形成粗大碳化物并诱发局部腐蚀;同时受力的“工”形斜梁结构设计不合理,受拉应力作用的部位横截面积偏小,导致疲劳过载,因此使处于应力集中区内的局部腐蚀成为裂纹源。最后提出相应的改进措施。
The causes of rupture failure of SUS304 stainless steel locator pedestal of electrified railway catenary were analyzed by means of chemical composition, structure force, microstructure and fracture surface morphology analysis. The results show that the combined effect of local corrosion and fatigue overload is the main reason for failure of the stainless steel parts. Due to the use of SUS304 stainless steel containing C, Cr content higher than the JIS standard, easy to form coarse carbides and induce local corrosion; at the same time stress “工 ” shape oblique beam structure design is not reasonable, Cross-sectional area is small, leading to fatigue overload, so that in the stress concentration zone of local corrosion as a source of cracks. Finally, the corresponding improvement measures are put forward.