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摘 要：“一带一路”国家战略的实施为临沧大开放、大繁荣带来了新机遇和新挑战。临沧市经济的快速发展、口岸的开放吸引了大量缅籍边民入境务工，中缅跨境劳务合作规模扩大趋势明显。但由于目前跨境劳务合作制度不健全、中缅跨境劳务市场不完善、管理和服务形式滞后带来的劳工问题也逐渐凸显，对边境地区的安全稳定和社会经济发展形成阻碍。规范中缅跨境劳务合作将有利于促进边疆地区的和谐稳定、解决边疆地区用工短缺的问题、生成边疆中小企业优势、推动“民心相通”升级。笔者认为学习优秀范例推进中缅跨境劳务合作协议达成，利用新媒体新技术创新跨境劳务管理与服务，健全跨境劳务合作法律法规是解决中缅跨境劳务合作的必要途径。
关键词：临沧市 中缅 跨境劳务合作 边境经济贸易
中图分类号：F249 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-3791（2020）08（c）-0254-03
Abstract： The implementation of the“Belt and Road”national strategy has brought new opportunities and new challenges to Lincang’s great opening and prosperity. The rapid economic development of Lincang City and the opening of ports have attracted a large number of Burmese border immigrants to enter the country to work， and the scale of China-Myanmar cross-border labor service cooperation has clearly expanded. However， due to the current imperfect cross-border labor cooperation system， the imperfect China-Myanmar cross-border labor market， and the labor problems caused by the lagging management and service forms， it also gradually highlights the obstacles to the security and stability of the border areas and social and economic development. Regulating China-Myanmar cross-border labor service cooperation will help promote harmony and stability in the border areas， solve the shortage of labor in the border areas， generate the advantages of small and medium-sized enterprises in the border areas， and promote the upgrade of "community among people". The author believes that learning excellent examples to promote the conclusion of China-Myanmar cross-border labor service agreement， using new media and new technologies to innovate cross-border labor service management and services， and improving cross-border labor service cooperation laws and regulations are the necessary ways to resolve China-Myanmar cross-border labor service cooperation.
Key Words： Lincang city; China-myanmar; Cross-border labor service cooperation; Border economics and trade
1 臨沧市中缅跨境劳务合作大有空间
1.1 地缘优势
临沧市国境线长290余公里，拥有3个口岸。其中，耿马县清水河口岸是国家级一类口岸和缅甸掸邦第一特区相接，镇康县南伞口岸是国家级二类口岸和缅甸果敢陆地相连，沧源永和口岸为国家级二类口岸。全市有13个边民互市点，9条通缅公路和19条边贸通道，清水河口岸到缅甸皎漂港直线距离900km。
1.2 临沧市铁路建设全速推进
随着“一带一路”国家战略的实施，临沧市铁路建设围绕加快构建由昆明通往南亚东南亚和印度洋的“燕型”铁路网络规划，其中以大理至临沧通道、临沧至普洱通道为燕翼。中缅国际通道大理至临沧铁路为国家I级单线电气化铁路，全长202km，时速160km，将有利改善滇西南区域综合交通运输体系、发展沿线经济。
1.3 国家级临沧边境经济合作区建设加速
2013年经国务院批准在临沧市设立边境经济合作区。临沧边境经济合作区原名耿马（孟定）边境经济合作区，分为孟定核心园区、南伞园区和永和园区，处在西南开放的前沿窗口。2019年“缅甸大学生创业园”落户边合区，该项目以跨境旅游、进出口加工、电子商务等产业为导向，吸引缅甸高校学生、国内缅籍留学生入园创业，将进一步推进中缅跨境合作。
关键词：临沧市 中缅 跨境劳务合作 边境经济贸易
中图分类号：F249 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-3791（2020）08（c）-0254-03
Abstract： The implementation of the“Belt and Road”national strategy has brought new opportunities and new challenges to Lincang’s great opening and prosperity. The rapid economic development of Lincang City and the opening of ports have attracted a large number of Burmese border immigrants to enter the country to work， and the scale of China-Myanmar cross-border labor service cooperation has clearly expanded. However， due to the current imperfect cross-border labor cooperation system， the imperfect China-Myanmar cross-border labor market， and the labor problems caused by the lagging management and service forms， it also gradually highlights the obstacles to the security and stability of the border areas and social and economic development. Regulating China-Myanmar cross-border labor service cooperation will help promote harmony and stability in the border areas， solve the shortage of labor in the border areas， generate the advantages of small and medium-sized enterprises in the border areas， and promote the upgrade of "community among people". The author believes that learning excellent examples to promote the conclusion of China-Myanmar cross-border labor service agreement， using new media and new technologies to innovate cross-border labor service management and services， and improving cross-border labor service cooperation laws and regulations are the necessary ways to resolve China-Myanmar cross-border labor service cooperation.
Key Words： Lincang city; China-myanmar; Cross-border labor service cooperation; Border economics and trade
1 臨沧市中缅跨境劳务合作大有空间
1.1 地缘优势
临沧市国境线长290余公里，拥有3个口岸。其中，耿马县清水河口岸是国家级一类口岸和缅甸掸邦第一特区相接，镇康县南伞口岸是国家级二类口岸和缅甸果敢陆地相连，沧源永和口岸为国家级二类口岸。全市有13个边民互市点，9条通缅公路和19条边贸通道，清水河口岸到缅甸皎漂港直线距离900km。
1.2 临沧市铁路建设全速推进
随着“一带一路”国家战略的实施，临沧市铁路建设围绕加快构建由昆明通往南亚东南亚和印度洋的“燕型”铁路网络规划，其中以大理至临沧通道、临沧至普洱通道为燕翼。中缅国际通道大理至临沧铁路为国家I级单线电气化铁路，全长202km，时速160km，将有利改善滇西南区域综合交通运输体系、发展沿线经济。
1.3 国家级临沧边境经济合作区建设加速
2013年经国务院批准在临沧市设立边境经济合作区。临沧边境经济合作区原名耿马（孟定）边境经济合作区，分为孟定核心园区、南伞园区和永和园区，处在西南开放的前沿窗口。2019年“缅甸大学生创业园”落户边合区，该项目以跨境旅游、进出口加工、电子商务等产业为导向，吸引缅甸高校学生、国内缅籍留学生入园创业，将进一步推进中缅跨境合作。