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在论及商品的使用价值时,有的同志把使用价值混同于效用,认为“效用和使用价值的含义是相同的。”这是认识上的一个误区,有必要予以澄清。 在经济学上,效用和使用价值并非同一含义,而是既相联系又相区别的两个概念。我们知道,使用价值是指商品能够满足人们某种需要的属性即有用性。而这种有用性能够在多大程度上满足人们的需要,才是效用问题。也就是说,效用是用来表示商品满足人们需要程度的一个概念。一物有使用价值,才能满足人们一定程度的需要,因此使用价值是效用的前提;而满足的程度如何,即效用的大小,又决定着对它是否需要。是需要的基础。二者的密切联系是显而易见的。那么,区别又在哪里呢?
When discussing the value of use of goods, some comrades mixed use value with utility. They believed that “the meaning of utility and value of use is the same.” This is a misunderstanding in understanding and it is necessary to clarify it. In economics, utility and use value are not the same meaning, but two concepts that are both related and different. We know that use value refers to the usefulness of goods that can satisfy people’s certain needs. And to what extent this usefulness can satisfy people’s needs is the issue of utility. In other words, utility is a concept that represents the degree to which a product meets people’s needs. A material has use value to meet a certain degree of people’s needs. Therefore, use value is the premise of utility; and the degree of satisfaction, that is, the magnitude of utility, determines whether it is needed for it. It is the foundation of need. The close connection between the two is obvious. So where is the difference?