数学学科的特点是具有高度的抽象性。小学生的认识一般以直观形象思维为基础,逻辑思维处于发展之中,其思维从形象到抽象需要一些具体或半具体的事物作桥梁,帮助他们过渡。中、高年级学生虽然具备了一些初步的抽象思维能力,但具体形象思维仍占一定优势,在很大程度上依赖于具体的操作实践进行思维,依靠直观感知理解和掌握知识。教师在教学实践中,要根据小学生以形象思维 Mathematics is characterized by a high degree of abstraction. The pupils’ cognition is generally based on the visual image thinking. The logical thinking is in the process of development. Its thinking needs a number of concrete or semi-specific things as a bridge from image to abstraction to help them to make a transition. Although middle and senior students have some preliminary abstract thinking abilities, specific image thinking still takes up some advantages and relies largely on specific operational practices for thinking and intuition perception for understanding and mastery of knowledge. Teachers in teaching practice, according to the image of primary school students thinking