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针对林区局地环境监测实时性差、长期监测困难等不足,设计并实现了一种基于ZigBee无线传感器网络的林区局地环境监测系统。系统运用无线网络协议ZigBee搭建无线传感器网络,结合GPRS通讯技术将获取的数据发送至监控中心,实现数据的实时显示、存储、分析与可视化。系统主要由传感节点、路由器、网关与监控中心组成,结构简单实用,节点放置位置灵活,不受地理环境限制,能够较好的监测空气中温湿度、大气压强、光照强度、二氧化碳浓度、土壤含水率等林区关键环境因子。通过太阳能供电系统,采用CC2530和CC2591无线通信模块,并将多传感器集成到传感节点,较好解决了无线传感器网络在林区应用过程中的节点能量不足、通信距离短以及监测参数不全等问题,实现了对林区局地环境的实时监测。试验表明,节点在空旷地方有效通信距离最大可达510.6 m,在树林中有效通信距离最大可达177.5 m;在太阳能与锂电池共同供电下,节点能量能够自给自足;在组网测试中,整个网络收包率为96.7%,能够满足林区环境监测要求。
In view of the shortcomings of local environment monitoring in forest area, such as poor real-time monitoring and long-term monitoring difficulties, a local environment monitoring system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network is designed and implemented. The system uses the wireless network protocol ZigBee to build a wireless sensor network, with GPRS communication technology to send the acquired data to the monitoring center to realize real-time data display, storage, analysis and visualization. The system mainly consists of sensor nodes, routers, gateways and monitoring centers. The structure is simple and practical. The nodes are placed in a flexible position and are not limited by the geographical environment. They can better monitor the air temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, Rate and other key environmental factors in the forest. Through the solar power supply system, using CC2530 and CC2591 wireless communication module, and multi-sensor integrated into the sensor node, the WSN in the forest application of a better solution to the problem of insufficient energy nodes, short communication distance and monitoring parameters are not full and so on , Realizes the real-time monitoring of the local environment in the forest area. The experimental results show that the effective communication distance of the node in the open area is up to 510.6 m and the maximum effective communication distance in the forest is up to 177.5 m. In the solar and lithium batteries, the node energy can be self-sufficient. In the networking test, Network package rate of 96.7%, to meet the requirements of forest environment monitoring.