自然主义文学作为西方文学的一个流派产生于19世纪下半叶的法国,19世纪末20世纪初传至欧美和世界各国。自然主义文学是西方现实主义文学发展到极致蜕变的产物,也是生物学、遗传学等学科理论影响文学创作的结果。自然主义思潮持续的时间并不长,成就基本只限于文 As a genre of western literature, naturalistic literature originated in France in the second half of the 19th century. It spread to Europe, the United States and various countries in the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Naturalistic literature is the product of the extreme transformation of Western realist literature and the result of the influence of the theories of biology and genetics on literary creation. The trend of naturalism has not been long, and its achievements are basically limited to the text