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目的:针对心血管介入专业的住院医师规范化培训（规培）学员对心脏超声教学的个性化需求，构建超声数据源的仿生3D打印模型，并探讨其在超声教学及模拟演练方面的应用价值。方法:选取在武汉大学人民医院超声影像科接受住院医师规范化培训的心血管内科专业学员60名作为教学对象，随机分为两组，每组30人。实验组采用超声仿生3D打印心脏模型联合以问题为基础的教学方法（problem-based learning，PBL）；对照组采用传统多媒体PPT教学联合PBL教学法。教学活动结束后进行理论考试、操作考核和调查问卷，对教学效果进行评价，比较两组的教学效果。应用SPSS 21.0软件进行n t检验。n 结果:实验组和对照组理论考试成绩分别为（81.4±8.2）分和（74.8±9.4）分，操作考核成绩分别为（89.1±5.6）分和（71.5±8.8）分，两组差异均有统计学意义（n P=0.002、n P<0.001）。问卷调查显示实验组在心脏解剖知识的掌握、心脏超声学习体验、学习兴趣、学习效率、对介入心脏病的理解、介入操作技能和总体满意度等方面的反馈均好于对照组，差异有统计学意义（均n P<0.05）。n 结论:超声仿生3D打印联合PBL法有助于加强心脏解剖知识的掌握、提升心脏超声的学习体验、提高介入操作技能，教学效果明显，学员满意度高。“,”Objective:To meet the individualized needs of residents in standardized residency training of cardiac intervention specialty for cardiac ultrasound teaching, to construct a bionic 3D printing model of ultrasound source, and to discuss its application value in ultrasound teaching and simulation exercises.Methods:Sixty residents majored in cardiovascular medicine receiving standardized residency training of ultrasound in ultrasound imaging department of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were randomized into experimental group and control group in average. The experimental group adopted ultrasound bionic 3D printing heart model combined with problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional multimedia PPT combined with PBL teaching method. At the end of teaching activities, theoretical examination, operation assessment and questionnaire survey were conducted to evaluate and compare the teaching effect between the two groups. SPSS 21.0 software was performed for n t test.n Results:The theoretical examination scores of the experimental group and the control group were (81.4±8.2) points and (74.8±9.4) points, respectively, n P=0.002, and the operation assessment scores were (89.1±5.6) points and (71.5±8.8) points, respectively, n P<0.001. The questionnaire survey showed that the experimental group had better feedbacks than the control group in the aspects of mastery of heart anatomy knowledge, learning experience, learning interest, learning efficiency, understanding of interventional heart disease, clinical skills of interventional operation and overall satisfaction (alln P<0.05).n Conclusions:Ultrasound bionic 3D printing combined with PBL teaching method can help strengthen the mastery of cardiac anatomy knowledge, promote the learning experience of cardiac ultrasound and improve the skills of interventional operation. The teaching effect is significant and the students' satisfaction is high.