北极冬夏期间大气环流个例的

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利用极地中尺度数值模式Polar MM5对2005年7月17-19日, 2007年12月20-24日北极地区大气环流进行了中尺度数值模拟, 分析比较了北极夏季典型代表月7月和冬季典型代表月12月的大气特征.数值分析表明,在500 hPa高度上,7月和12月极区的大气环流都主要由两个波动控制;夏季的冰岛低压在冬季表现为一个高压系统,并且伸展到格陵兰岛上空.选择两个北极地区探空站与相应温度场和风场的数值模拟结果进行了对比,表明数值模式能够很好地再现观测到的大气分布特征,表现为小的模式偏差和较高的相关系数.夏季7月份期间, Barrow 站2 m处空气温度、感热通量和潜热通量具有明显的日变化特征和极地逆温层结垂直结构特征;冬季12月份期间,Barrow 站2 m处空气温度、感热通量和潜热通量呈现出反位相变化的特征,虽然各通量峰值远小于夏季时的情形,但是北极所考虑站点下垫面在冬季12月和夏季7月份都是大气的热源和水汽源.
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