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目的了解陕西和重庆农村地区12~17岁中学生忽视现状及影响因素。方法采用“中国农村12~17岁中学生忽视评价常模”中制定的量表和评价方法,按照多阶段分层整群抽样的原则在陕西和重庆农村地区选择调查对象共2257名,其中男生1157名,女生1100名,通过忽视度指标反映忽视严重程度,采用二元Logistic回归分析方法分析忽视的影响因素。结果调查对象的总忽视度为(51.80±9.06),重庆农村中学生忽视度为(53.21±9.03),陕西农村中学生忽视度为(50.50±8.90),两组间差异有统计学意义(U=6.17,P<0.01)。男生忽视度为(51.93±8.67),女生忽视度为(51.66±9.46),不同性别总忽视度组间差异无统计学意义(U=0.60,P>0.05)。不同年级中学生在各个层面的忽视度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),初三和高三学生受忽视程度较高,总忽视度分别为(53.54±9.70)和(53.36±8.69)。除社会忽视和安全忽视外,不同家庭情况中学生在各层面忽视度的差异均有统计学差异(P<0.01),其中再婚家庭中学生受忽视程度最高,其总忽视度为(56.92±8.83)。Logistic回归分析结果显示影响中学生忽视的因素有:父亲文化程度、是否有独立房间、家庭类型、近一年父母工作地点是否变动、近一年父母收入是否减少、与父母亲关系、父母关系。结论陕西和重庆农村中学生受忽视状况较严重,影响儿童忽视的因素为父亲文化程度、是否有独立房间、家庭类型、近一年父母工作地点是否变动、近一年父母收入是否减少、与父母亲的关系、父母关系。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of neglect among middle school students aged 12 ~ 17 in rural areas of Shaanxi and Chongqing. Methods According to the scale and evaluation method established in “Rural neglect assessment norm of 12 ~ 17 middle school students in rural areas of China”, according to the principle of multistage stratified cluster sampling, a total of 2257 surveyed subjects were selected in rural areas of Shaanxi and Chongqing, among which 1157 boys and 1,100 girls, reflecting the severity of neglect by the degree of neglect index, and using the binary Logistic regression analysis to analyze the factors that are neglected. Results The total ignorance of the surveyed subjects was (51.80 ± 9.06), that of the rural middle school students in Chongqing was (53.21 ± 9.03), that of the rural middle school students in Shaanxi was (50.50 ± 8.90), the difference was statistically significant (U = 6.17 , P <0.01). The ignorance degree of boys was (51.93 ± 8.67) and that of girls (51.66 ± 9.46). There was no significant difference between the two groups (U = 0.60, P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the degree of neglect among different grades of middle school students at all levels (P <0.05). The scores of ignorance were higher in the third grade and the third grade than in the third grade, and the total neglect degrees were (53.54 ± 9.70) and (53.36 ± 8.69) respectively. Except for social neglect and safety neglect, there were significant differences in neglect degree at all levels between different family conditions (P <0.01). Among them, the highest neglect level was seen in secondary school students with remarriage, with a total neglect degree of (56.92 ± 8.83). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors that influence the neglect of middle school students are: father ’s educational level, whether there is independent room, family type, whether the work place of parents changed in the past year, whether the income of parents decreased in the past year, relationship with parents and parents. Conclusions The secondary school students in rural areas of Shaanxi Province and Chongqing are more neglected. The factors that affect children’s neglect are father’s educational level, whether there is independent room or family type, whether the work place of parents changed in the past year, whether the income of parents decreased in the past year, Relationship, parental relationship.