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目的分析哈尔滨市2011-2015年水痘疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生情况,评估水痘疫苗接种的安全性。方法通过全国AEFI信息管理系统和中国免疫规划信息系统AEFI模块,收集2011-2015年接种水痘疫苗后发生的AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2011-2015年,哈尔滨市共报告接种水痘疫苗后发生AEFI个案139例,报告AEFI发生率为76.08/10万剂。其中,一般反应130例,异常反应8例,偶合症1例。男、女性别比接近1∶1,年龄分布3岁以下儿童占90%,季节分布以春季和夏季为主,地区分布市区高于县(市);临床诊断主要以发热和局部红肿为主;86%的接种反应是在接种后1天以内发生。结论水痘疫苗具有良好的安全性,全市AEFI监测保持高度敏感性。
Objective To analyze the incidence of suspected immunization against varicella (AEFI) in Harbin from 2011 to 2015 and evaluate the safety of vaccination against varicella. Methods The data of AEFI cases after vaccination with chickenpox in 2011-2015 were collected through the national AEFI information management system and the AEFI module of China Immunization Planning Information System. The epidemiological method was used for statistical analysis. Results From 2011 to 2015, Harbin reported a total of 139 cases of AEFI after vaccination with chickenpox vaccine, reporting an AEFI incidence of 76.08 per 100 000 doses. Among them, the general reaction of 130 cases, abnormal reaction in 8 cases, 1 case of coupling syndrome. The ratio of male and female was close to 1: 1, and the distribution of age was 90% for children under 3 years. The seasonal distribution was mainly in spring and summer, and the distribution in urban areas was higher than that in counties (cities). The clinical diagnosis mainly consisted of fever and local redness ; 86% of the inoculation reactions occurred within 1 day after inoculation. Conclusion The varicella vaccine has good safety and the AEFI monitoring in the whole city remains highly sensitive.