论文部分内容阅读
目的通过2010年7月～2011年6月对两家哨点医院的监测,初步获得新疆乌鲁木齐市腹泻病病例的流行病学特征和病原学特点。方法选取新疆医科大学第一附属医院和乌鲁木齐市友谊医院两家哨点医院,对2010年7月～2011年6月在其门诊就诊的腹泻病病例进行流行病学资料的收集及腹泻标本的采集,由新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心实验室,对收集的标本进行相应病毒和细菌的病原学检测。结果共收集病例标本199份,此次研究的腹泻病病例是以婴幼儿为主,50%的病例小于1岁,就诊时间主要是在夏秋季;199份标本中检出病原178份,检出率为89.45%;检出的病原微生物居前三位的是致泻性大肠杆菌、A组轮状病毒和杯状病毒;各年龄组及监测期各月均有病原检出;病毒中检出最多的是A组轮状病毒有48份,主要集中在≤2岁年龄组;细菌的检测中,致泻性大肠杆菌在各年龄组中的检出占绝对的优势。结论本次监测到的腹泻病病例是以婴幼儿为主,认为与婴幼儿免疫系统发育不完善有一定关系,同时与引起婴幼儿腹泻的因素较多;病例的就诊时间主要是在夏秋季,符合腹泻高发于夏秋季的规律;检出的病原微生物中居前三位的是致泻性大肠杆菌、A组轮状病毒和杯状病毒;A组轮状病毒主要发病于2岁以内的儿童,杯状病毒在各年龄段均能检出,在成人检出率超过A组轮状病毒;在各年龄组的细菌检出中,致泻性大肠杆菌均为优势菌,志贺菌仅在夏季检出,多发生于小年龄段。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of diarrheal diseases in Urumqi from July 2010 to June 2011 in two sentinel hospitals. Methods Two sentinel hospitals of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and the Friendship Hospital of Urumqi were selected to collect epidemiological data and samples of diarrhea from July 2010 to June 2011 in their clinic. , By the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory samples collected for the corresponding virus and bacterial etiology testing. Results A total of 199 cases were collected. The cases of diarrhea in this study were mainly infants and young children, 50% of cases were less than 1 year old, the treatment time was mainly in summer and autumn, 178 were detected in 199 samples, The rate was 89.45%. The top three pathogenic microorganisms detected were diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli, group A rotavirus and calicivirus. Pathogen detection was detected in all age groups and months of the monitoring period. The virus was detected Most of the 48 cases of group A rotavirus mainly concentrated in the age group of ≤2 years. In the detection of bacteria, the detection of diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli in each age group accounted for the absolute advantage. Conclusions The cases of diarrhea detected in this study are mainly infants and young children, which are considered to be related to the imperfect development of the immune system in infants and young children. At the same time, there are many factors that cause diarrhea in infants and young children. The treatment time for cases is mainly in summer and autumn, In line with the law of summer and autumn with high incidence of diarrhea; the top three pathogenic microorganisms detected are diarrhea-causing Escherichia coli, group A rotavirus and calicivirus; group A rotavirus mainly occurs in children under 2 years of age, Calicivirus can be detected in all age groups, the detection rate in adults than A group of rotavirus; bacteria in all age groups detected, diarrheogenic E. coli are dominant bacteria, Shigella only in summer Detected, occurred in a small age.