１引言原发性肝癌（肝癌）是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，在我国，其病死率排在恶性肿瘤中的前三位，每年约有十多万人死于肝癌，并有不断上升和发病年龄年青化的趋势。随着人们对肝癌研究的不断深入，对其的认识也不断更新和深化。近年来，有关该病在基础研究、诊断与治疗方面均取 1 Introduction Primary liver cancer (liver cancer) is one of the most common malignancies. In China, its mortality is among the top three malignancies. Every year, approximately 100,000 people die of liver cancer, and they continue to rise. The age of onset is younger. As people continue to deepen research on liver cancer, their understanding has also been constantly updated and deepened. In recent years, the disease has been adopted in basic research, diagnosis and treatment.