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为构建蝴蝶兰品质综合评价体系及分级标准,2010—2012年对收集保存的213份蝴蝶兰资源主要品质性状进行观察统计,应用变异分析、主成分分析、层次分析、聚类分析和判别分析建立综合评价体系。18项品质性状的平均变异系数为34.28%,花梗侧分枝数的变异系数最大,为128.45%,类型的变异系数最小,仅为9.71%。运用主成分分析将18项评价指标压缩成10个综合因子,并确定株幅、叶长、叶宽、花梗数、花梗侧分枝数、花梗长、花梗粗、花朵长度、花朵宽度、花瓣厚、花朵数、花朵间距、花色、感病指数、花香、类型等16项指标为蝴蝶兰品质评价指标。利用概率分布和层次分析建立了品质指标的分级标准及评分标准;通过K-均值聚类分析和判别分析建立了蝴蝶兰4个品质判别函数;并对原始样品进行了分类,其中90.1%已正确分类,88.3%在交叉验证中正确分类,因此建立的蝴蝶兰品质判别函数正确率较高;筛选出优级品种70个,占32.86%;良级品种19个,占8.92%;中级品种77个,占36.15%,差级品种47个,占22.07%。以上所采用的方法可从不同层面对蝴蝶兰资源进行评价分析,得出量化结果、评价标准和判别函数,全面、客观地评价蝴蝶兰品种的优劣,体现评价体系和分级标准的有效性。
To establish a comprehensive evaluation system and grading standards for the quality of Phalaenopsis, the main quality traits of 213 phalaenopsis collected and conserved from 2010 to 2012 were observed and statistically analyzed by using variance analysis, principal component analysis, level analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis Comprehensive evaluation system. The average coefficient of variation of 18 quality traits was 34.28%. The coefficient of variation of pedicel-lateral branch number was the largest, which was 128.45%. The coefficient of variation of the type was the smallest, only 9.71%. Using principal component analysis, the 18 evaluation indexes were reduced to 10 comprehensive factors, and the plant width, leaf length, leaf width, pedicel number, pedicel lateral branch number, pedicel length, pedicel coarse, flower length, flower width, petal thickness , The number of flowers, flower spacing, color, disease index, floral, type and other 16 indicators for the quality evaluation index of Phalaenopsis. The grading standards and grading standards of quality indicators were established by using probability distribution and level analysis. Four quality discriminant functions of Phalaenopsis were established by K-means clustering analysis and discriminant analysis. The original samples were classified and 90.1% of them were correct Classification and 88.3% were correctly classified in cross-validation. Therefore, the correctness of the discriminant function of Phalaenopsis was established. 70 excellent cultivars (32.86%) were screened, 19 cultivars (8.92%), 77 intermediate cultivars Accounting for 36.15% of the total. There were 47 poor breeds, accounting for 22.07%. The above methods can be used to evaluate and analyze Phalaenopsis resources from different aspects, and the quantified results, evaluation criteria and discriminant functions are obtained, and the advantages and disadvantages of Phalaenopsis species are evaluated comprehensively and objectively, which reflect the validity of the evaluation system and grading standards.