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[目的]测定上海市某区部分非禁烟公共场所大厅的环境烟草烟雾浓度,评估目前非禁烟场所环境烟雾的污染情况,为我国公共场所禁烟立法提供依据。[方法]采用目的抽样方法,选取上海市某区8家星级宾馆、8家证券交易大厅和8家餐厅(均为非禁烟场所),采用AM510个人智能防爆粉尘测试仪检测细颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度以代表烟雾污染状况,并测定空间大小。同时利用观察法观察与控烟相关的包括禁烟标志设置、大厅空间、人数等在内的软硬件设施。[结果]24家非禁烟公共场所室内、外PM2.5平均浓度分别为304.30、152.77μg/m3,室内平均浓度比室外高99.19%。其中,宾馆、证券交易所和餐厅的室内PM2.5平均浓度分别是125.14、264.63、523.14μg/m3;宾馆和餐厅室内PM2.5浓度与单位体积吸烟人数呈正相关(rs=0.556,rs=0.413;P<0.01)。[结论]在上海的宾馆、证券交易所和餐厅大厅内尚无有效的控烟措施,环境烟雾暴露问题比较严重。必须采取严格禁烟措施有效减少环境中因吸烟所致的烟雾污染;在室内公共场所和工作场所实行完全无烟化是保障在这些公共场所工作者和公众免受被动吸烟危害的有效措施。
[Objective] To determine the concentration of environmental tobacco smoke in some non-smoking public halls in a certain area of Shanghai and to assess the current situation of environmental smoke pollution in non-smoking areas, so as to provide the basis for the legislation of smoking ban in public places in our country. [Method] With the purpose of sampling method, 8 star hotels, 8 securities trading halls and 8 restaurants in a certain area of Shanghai were selected, all of which were non - smoking establishments. AM510 personal intelligent explosion - proof dust tester was used to detect fine particles (PM2). 5) Concentration to represent smoke pollution, and determine the size of the space. At the same time, we observe the software and hardware facilities related to tobacco control, including the setting of no-smoking signs, the space of the hall, the number of people and so on. [Result] The indoor and outdoor average concentrations of PM2.5 in 24 non-smoking public places were 304.30 and 152.77μg / m3, respectively. The indoor average concentration was 99.19% higher than that in outdoor. Among them, the indoor PM2.5 concentrations in hotels, stock exchanges and restaurants were 125.14,264.63 and 523.14μg / m3, respectively. PM2.5 concentration in hotels and restaurants was positively correlated with smoking per unit volume (rs = 0.556, rs = 0.413 ; P <0.01). [Conclusion] There is no effective tobacco control measures in hotels, stock exchanges and restaurant halls in Shanghai. The problem of environmental smoke exposure is rather serious. Strict no-smoking measures must be taken to effectively reduce smog pollution caused by smoking in the environment. Completely smoke-free indoor public places and workplaces are effective measures to protect workers and the public in these public places from passive smoking.