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目的:研究贮藏温度和种子含水量对玛咖种子萌发和生理生化特性的影响,揭示贮藏玛咖种子的适宜温度和含水量。方法:将含水量11.85%、9.30%、7.82%和5.62%的玛咖种子分别在室温、5℃和-20℃贮藏,一年后进行萌发实验,并测定种子中酶活性变化。结果:贮藏温度和含水量对种子发芽势、发芽率、苗鲜重、苗长、SOD、CAT活性和MDA含量均具有显著影响,贮藏温度和含水量间存在交互作用。在交互作用下,含水量11.85%室温贮藏效果最差,其发芽势、发芽率、苗鲜重、苗长和MDA含量均显著低于其他处理(P<0.05),SOD和CAT活性显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);含水量5.62%、7.82%和9.30%的种子分别在室温、5℃和-20℃贮藏时,具有较高的发芽势、发芽率、苗鲜重和苗长,种子内SOD、CAT活性和MDA含量相对稳定。结论:玛咖种子短期贮藏可以将种子含水量降至7.82%以下室温贮藏,也可以将种子含水量降至9.30%~7.82%冷藏。
Objective: To study the influence of storage temperature and seed water content on the germination and physiological and biochemical characteristics of Carambola, and reveal the suitable temperature and water content of Caraway seed. Methods: Maca seeds with water contents of 11.85%, 9.30%, 7.82% and 5.62% were stored at room temperature, 5 ℃ and -20 ℃ respectively. After one year germination experiment was carried out and the changes of enzyme activity in seeds were determined. Results: Storage temperature and water content had significant effects on seed germination potential, germination rate, seedlings fresh weight, seedling length, SOD, CAT activity and MDA content. There was interaction between storage temperature and water content. Under the interaction, the water storage capacity of 11.85% at room temperature was the worst, and its germination potential, germination rate, seedling fresh weight, seedling length and MDA content were significantly lower than those of other treatments (P <0.05), and the activities of SOD and CAT were significantly higher (P <0.05). Seeds with water contents of 5.62%, 7.82% and 9.30% had higher germination potential, germination rate, seedling weight and seedling length when stored at room temperature, 5 ℃ and -20 ℃, Seed SOD, CAT activity and MDA content is relatively stable. Conclusion: Short-term storage of maca seeds can reduce the water content of seeds to 7.82% below room temperature, and also reduce the water content of seeds to 9.30% -7.82%.