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人类肿瘤的各种变化表明细胞原癌基因的ras家族存在基因点突变。该基因家族具有致瘤性,是它们的急性转化病毒Harvey或Kirsten肉瘤病毒存在的结果。现在人们已接受了急性转化逆转录病毒在它的进化过程中,获取了细胞基因并赋于其很强的转化特性这一概念。在人类许多肿瘤中,发现了类似于病毒中V-Ha或V-ki-ras基因特异位点的突变是值得注意的。这种改变的生物学意义可通过下列事实加以说明,即突变的人细胞Ha-ras基因可以转化培养的啮齿类动物
Various changes in human tumors indicate the presence of point mutations in the ras family of cellular proto-oncogenes. The gene family is tumorigenic and results from the presence of their acutely transformed virus Harvey or Kirsten sarcoma virus. It has now been accepted that the acute transformation of retroviruses in the course of its evolution acquires the concept of cellular genes and confers its strong transformation properties. In many human tumors, it has been noted that mutations similar to the V-Ha or V-ki-ras gene specific sites in the virus are notable. The biological significance of this change can be explained by the fact that the mutant human cell Ha-ras gene can be transformed into cultured rodents.