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目的对2015年全球各国向WHO报告的中东呼吸综合征(简称MERS)病例进行分析,了解其流行病学特征,从而为防控工作提供指导。方法从WHO、沙特和韩国等网站收集2015年全球各国所报告MERS个案信息,应用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2015年全球12个国家共报告MERS实验室确诊病例680例,其中237人死亡,病死率34.85%。男444例,女236例,各占总报告病例的65.29%和34.71%。年龄中位数为55岁(10月~109岁)。2015年沙特报告病例为最多(456例,占67.06%),其次为韩国(185例,占27.21%)。韩国、菲律宾、中国和泰国是2015年新出现疫情的国家。2015年主要有三波流行高峰,主要由韩国和沙特等多家医疗机构聚集性疫情引起。结论 2015年MERS虽在家庭出现了人传人所致聚集性疫情,并在医疗机构出现暴发疫情,但尚未出现持续的社区传播,在防控工作中应重点防范医院暴发疫情的发生。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the MERS cases reported by WHO to WHO from all over the world in 2015 to understand their epidemiological characteristics and provide guidance for prevention and control. Methods The MERS cases reported by all countries in the world in 2015 were collected from WHO, Saudi Arabia and South Korea, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results In 2015, a total of 680 MERS laboratory confirmed cases were reported in 12 countries in the world, of which 237 were killed and the case fatality rate was 34.85%. 444 males and 236 females, accounting for 65.29% and 34.71% of the total reported cases respectively. The median age was 55 years old (10 months to 109 years old). Saudi Arabia reported the highest number of cases in 2015 (456 cases, 67.06%), followed by South Korea (185 cases, 27.21%). South Korea, the Philippines, China and Thailand are among the new wave of outbreaks in 2015. There were three major wave peaks in 2015, mainly caused by the intensive epidemic in many medical institutions such as South Korea and Saudi Arabia. Conclusion Although 2015 MERS epidemic of human transmission occurs in the family and outbreak occurs in medical institutions, there is no continuous community communication. Therefore, prevention and control of MERS should focus on prevention of outbreaks in hospitals.