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目的 探讨腱黄色瘤的临床和MRI图像特征.方法 回顾性分析11例(30个病灶)腱黄色瘤患者的临床和MRI图像资料,分析内容包括病史、临床症状、实验室检查、病灶部位、数目、形态、大小、边界、信号特征及病理结果等.结果 合并高脂血症病史10例,其中2例有家族史;血脂正常1例.病灶单发2例,多发9例.无症状包块者9例,包块伴轻微疼痛或关节功能障碍者2例.病灶部位:跟腱14个,其他肌腱14个,皮下2个.病灶形态及信号特点:病灶大小不一,肌腱梭形增粗26个,分叶状肿块2个,类圆形结节2个,伴周围水肿14个.跟腱病灶,T1WI和T2WI以低信号为主,内散在斑点状和网格状高信号,呈毛刷样改变,增强扫描边缘环状强化,中间呈明显斑片状或/和细条状强化.肌腱及皮下病灶,T1WI和T2 WI以高信号为主,内散在细条状低信号,正反相位信号未见下降,增强扫描明显持续强化.病灶横截面最大径为0.7～5.6 cm,平均(2.7±1.2)cm.结论 腱黄色瘤的临床和MRI图像有一定特征性,肌腱梭形增粗合并高脂血症病史是诊断的重要依据,结合病灶部位及信号特征可提高诊断的准确性.“,”Objective To explore the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of tendon xanthomas and to improve its diagnostic accuracy.Methods 11 patients diagnosed as tendon xanthomas were enrolled in this study.Analysis includes medical history,clinical symptoms,laboratory tests,signal characteristics,pathological results and the location,quantity,size,shape,margin of the lesions.Results 11 patients with tendon xanthomas,10 cases had hyperlipidemia,another one had no hyperlipidemia;solitary lesion (2 cases),multiple lesions (9cases);asymptomatic patients (9 cases),symptomatic patients (2 cases),all had specific predilection sites,particularly common in Achilles tendon,for at least one side of the achilles tendon was involved in each case.Two types of MRI signal features were available for the imaging category.Low signal intensity both on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) mixed with punctate and latticed high signal belonged to type Ⅰ (14 lesions in achilles tendon).High signal intensity both on T1WI and T2WI mixed with low signal in shape of thin strips belonged to type Ⅱ (14 lesions in tendon and 2 lesions in skin).There was continuous enhancement in all cases after intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA.The MRI findings of tendon xanthomas were the enlargement of the fusiform tendon (26 lesions),lobulated mass (2 lesions) and roundish nodule (2 lesions),of which peripheral edema was seen in 14 lesions.All lesions showed a mean widest diameter of (2.7 ± 1.2)cm (ranging from 0.7 cm to 5.6 cm).Conclusion The clinical and MRI findings of tendon xanthomas have certain characteristics.A history of combined hyperlipidemia associated with the enlargement of the fusiform tendon is the important basis of diagnosis.MRI is the modality of choice for characterization.MRI may be proved useful for characterizing these lesions when the history of combined hyperlipidemia is clear and definite.