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超铀元素~(241)Am,除了可用作某些原子序数更高的超钚元素的靶材料外,并可在医疗领域中发挥其特有的作用,如~(241)Am发射的59.57keV的γ射线适用于骨密度测定及甲状腺扫描等。但由于~(241)Am是比活度很高的α辐射核,它和其它的超铀核素一样,一旦进入体内就会在肝、骨等组织中沉积,晚期可诱发骨肉瘤。因而,随着~(241)Am在医学上的应用,进一步研究它的辐射损伤,尤其是如何最大限度地降低骨肉瘤发生率具有重要的意义。本文报道了大鼠~(241)Am中毒后给予DTPA促排,观察骨肉瘤发生率,组织滞留量、肺部转移,体重,X光摄片以及组织病理学的特点等。
The trans-uranium element, 241Am, can be used as a target material for certain super-strontium elements with higher atomic number, and can play its unique role in the medical field, such as 59.57keV emitted by ~(241)Am. The gamma ray is suitable for bone density measurement and thyroid scanning. However, because ~(241)Am is an alpha radiation nucleus with a relatively high specific activity, it will, like other transuranic nuclides, deposit in the liver and bone tissues once it enters the body, and may induce osteosarcoma in the late stage. Therefore, with the application of ~(241)Am in medicine, it is of great significance to further study its radiation damage, especially how to minimize the incidence of osteosarcoma. In this paper, DTPA was given to rats after 241 Am poisoning. The incidence of osteosarcoma, tissue retention, lung metastasis, body weight, X-ray and histopathological characteristics were observed.