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目的: 研究社区产后访视服务现状, 提高社区护理质量, 促进母婴健康。方法: 定量与定性研究相结合, 定量研究随机抽取福州市 5区内产后 42d左右的产妇 776例问卷调查, 定性研究采用专题小组讨论和半结构性访谈。产妇 12人参加专题讨论, 半结构性访谈 9人。结果: 产后访视率为 62. 9%, 按 3 ~4次标准进行的仅 4.3%~48 .2% 。社区产后访视内容中,询问母子一般情况达 98 .4%; 对产妇及新生儿体检的内容欠缺多; 进行母乳喂养指导为 94. 7%; 认为对产妇心理情绪状况“关心与非常关心”的占 28 7%, 对预防产后抑郁症的保健建议率占 9 9%; 对社区产后访视满意率不高为 33 .6% 。结论: 与产后访视的次数和内容的标准对照, 实际操作中的偏差是由于缺乏规范化的管理, 因此今后既要加快产后访视人员对产褥期护理与保健知识的更新, 拓展提供保健知识的内容, 又要在现有社区产后访视过程中, 加强规范化管理, 区级妇幼保健机构应对辖区内的社区产妇的产后访视工作实行面对面的质量评估问卷, 达到规范化管理的目的, 并采取针对性措施提高产后访视中的护理与保健质量。
Objective: To study the status quo of community postpartum visit service, improve the quality of community nursing and promote the health of mother and child. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative studies were combined to quantitatively investigate 776 cases of maternal age at postnatal 42 days in Fuzhou City. Quantitative studies were conducted using panel discussions and semi-structured interviews. 12 mothers participate in the symposium and 9 semi-structured interviews. Results: Postpartum visit rate was 62.9%, according to 3 to 4 times the standard of only 4.3% to 48.2%. Community post-partum visit content, asked the general situation of mother and child up to 98.4%; lack of content on the physical examination of mothers and newborns; guidance for breastfeeding was 94.7%; that the maternal emotional state of “concern and very concerned about” Accounted for 28.7% of the total, 9.9% recommended for prevention of postpartum depression, and 33.6% unsatisfied with postpartum community visits. Conclusion: The standard deviation of the number and content of postnatal visits is due to the lack of standardized management. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the post-partum visit personnel to update puerperium nursing and health care knowledge and expand the content of providing health knowledge , But also in the existing community post-natal visit process, to strengthen standardized management, district-level MCH institutions should be within the area of community-based postpartum visits to postpartum women face quality assessment questionnaire to achieve the purpose of standardized management, and to be targeted Measures to improve quality of care and health care during postpartum visits.