冬小麦是我国北方主要粮食作物,它的一生需经历出苗、分蘖、返青、拔节、孕穗、灌浆,成熟。实践证明,土壤的管理在某种程度上决定了小麦产量的高低,也是取得高产稳产的根本保证。小麦吸收的养分主要是由土壤本身提供的,占总需肥量的50—70%,另外30—50%由施肥补充,所以,土壤对小麦产量有着直接的影响。虽然小麦对土壤的适应性较强,但它对土壤的质 Winter wheat is the main food crop in the north of our country. Its life needs experiencing emergence, tillering, rejuvenation, jointing, booting, filling and maturing. Practice has proved that soil management to some extent determines the level of wheat production, but also to obtain the fundamental guarantee of high and stable yield. The nutrients that wheat absorbs are mainly supplied by the soil itself, accounting for 50-70% of the total fertilizer requirement. The other 30-50% is supplemented with fertilizers, so the soil has a direct effect on the wheat yield. Although wheat is more adaptable to soil, it is soil-quality