一、简介产前诊断是七十年代发展起来的一门新兴学科。近十年来美国及北欧诸国此项新技术发展尤为迅速。产前诊断又称为宫内诊断,包括有羊水细胞遗传学检验、羊水的生化分析、超声诊断、胎儿镜、X 光检查等。回顾近年来超声诊断技术飞速发展过程,有几个重大的突破,第一次突破为“灰阶”(Gray scale)的出现,使图象层次更加清晰;第二次突破为“实时”技术(Real-ti-me)的出现,使超声检查从静态变成动态,扩大了应用范围;第三次突破是超声诊 First, the introduction Prenatal diagnosis is the development of the seventies a new discipline. In the past decade, the new technology in the United States and northern European countries has been developing rapidly. Prenatal diagnosis, also known as intrauterine diagnosis, including amniotic fluid cytogenetic test, amniotic fluid biochemical analysis, ultrasound, fetoscopy, X-ray examination. Recalling the rapid development of ultrasonic diagnostic technology in recent years, there are several major breakthroughs, the first breakthrough for the “gray scale” (Gray scale) appears, the image level more clearly; the second breakthrough in “real-time” technology Real-ti-me), the ultrasound examination from the static into a dynamic, expanding the scope of application; the third breakthrough is ultrasound