回顾目前的教学实践,低年级识字教学中的非生态因素主要有以下几方面:首先,单纯按照大纲教学,教师备课时只考虑教师如何教,而忽略学生已有的、入学前的识字基础。其次,教学方法单一,且缺乏科学性,实际教学中很多时候忽视了教学方法的运用,不仅不能达到学习的效果,反而让课堂偏离应有的轨道。 Review the current teaching practice, non-ecological factors in literacy teaching in lower grades mainly in the following areas: First, simply based on the outline of teaching, teachers only consider how teachers teach lesson preparation, while ignoring the students already have, pre-enrollment literacy foundation. Second, the teaching method is single and lack of science. In practice, most teaching methods neglect the use of teaching methods, not only failing to achieve the learning effect, but deviating the classroom from its proper track.