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目的 简述侵袭性垂体腺瘤病理学特点 ,其发病机制目前在分子生物学领域的探讨 ,以加深对该病的认识 ,提高诊断率 ,指导临床治疗。方法 参阅近年来相关文献 ,作综述性报道。结果 侵袭性垂体腺瘤在细胞形态上与非侵袭性者差别不显著 ,常规组织病理学检查很难区分。肿瘤中癌基因、抑癌基因以及生长因子、细胞因子等的表达改变 ,与肿瘤的侵袭性显著相关。结论 从癌基因、抑癌基因的改变 ,生长因子、细胞因子、细胞移动相关因子及蛋白降解酶表达水平的变化等方面来检测垂体腺瘤标本 ,不但有助于进一步探索侵袭性垂体腺瘤的发生、发展机制 ,而且可以指导临床诊断、预后评估和及早选择综合性治疗方案。
Objective To summarize the pathological features of invasive pituitary adenomas and to explore its pathogenesis in the field of molecular biology in order to deepen the understanding of the disease, improve the diagnosis rate and guide the clinical treatment. Methods refer to the relevant literature in recent years for a comprehensive report. Results The invasiveness of pituitary adenomas did not show significant difference in morphology and non-invasive morphology, and histopathological examination was difficult to distinguish. Cancer oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and growth factors, cytokines and other changes in expression, and tumor invasion was significantly related. Conclusion The detection of pituitary adenoma specimens from the aspects of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, growth factors, cytokines, cell migration related factors and the expression of protease degrading enzymes will not only help to further explore the invasive pituitary adenoma Occurrence and development mechanism, but also can guide the clinical diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and early selection of comprehensive treatment options.