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目的探讨热性惊厥(FS)患儿中常见呼吸道病毒感染的相关病毒,评价FS发作中病毒感染的危险因素以及病毒类型。方法选取276例FS患儿(FS组)及90例有发热而无惊厥的上呼吸道感染患儿(对照组),并对所有纳入本研究的患儿在入院后次日清晨行深部鼻咽分泌物采集,采用直接免疫荧光法对其鼻咽部脱落细胞进行呼吸道常见病毒抗原检测。应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 FS患儿中,上呼吸道感染最常见(占61.6%);FS分型中,单纯性FS最多见(占63.0%);FS患儿常见呼吸道病毒感染监测中,流感病毒A最多见,占20.3%。FS组上呼吸道感染患儿流感病毒A感染率(30.0%)明显高于对照组(13.3%)。流感病毒A感染的FS患儿较非流感病毒A感染的FS患儿具有月龄更大、惊厥时体温更高、发热到惊厥时间更短等特点(Pa<0.05)。结论流感病毒A是发生FS的相对危险因素,流感病毒A感染多见于≥3岁FS患儿,在流感病毒流行季节对既往有FS病史的大龄儿童(≥3岁)进行流感疫苗接种,减少流感病毒感染发生,是预防FS发作的有效方法。
Objective To investigate the related viruses of common respiratory virus infection in children with febrile seizures (FS) and to evaluate the risk factors of virus infection and the type of virus in FS episode. Methods A total of 276 children with FS (FS group) and 90 children with fever and no convulsion of upper respiratory tract infection (control group) were enrolled in this study. All children enrolled in this study underwent deep nasopharyngeal secretion Material acquisition, using direct immunofluorescence nasopharyngeal exfoliated cells respiratory virus common antigen detection. SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the children with FS, upper respiratory tract infection was the most common (61.6%). In the FS classification, simplex FS was the most common (63.0%). Among the common respiratory virus infections in FS, influenza A was the most common 20.3%. The infection rate of influenza A in children with upper respiratory tract infection in FS group was significantly higher than that in control group (30.0%) (13.3%). Influenza A virus infection in children with FS than non-influenza A virus infection in children with a greater age, seizures higher body temperature, fever to convulsions time shorter characteristics (Pa <0.05). Conclusions Influenza A is the relative risk factor of FS. Influenza A infection is more common in children ≥3 years of age. Influenza A is used to vaccinate older children (≥3 years old) with previous FS history during the influenza season to reduce the flu Viral infection occurs, is an effective way to prevent the onset of FS.