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文学、汉語分科教学了。汉語和文学都各自有了学科系統和目的任务,并在实行汉語和文学分科教学的同时有了系統的作文教学。从此以后,語文課不再是汉語、文学杂糅一起,兩敗俱伤,而是涇渭分明,相得益彰的了。就“初級中学汉語教学大綱(草案)”来看,它大体上是以汉語的科学体系为中学汉語課的学科体系的。語言有三个要素:語音、詞彙、語法。此外,文字是配录语言的工具(文字不是語言的要素,比如有的兄弟民族到現在还只有語言没有文字)。标点符号是書面語言的輔助工具,修辞是語言的加工形式。这些都是汉語这門科学所研究的內容。汉語教学大綱(草案)按照这些內容适当地作了安排,并在大綱本文的开始安排了介紹汉語課輪廓的“緒論”。我觉得,讓初中学生获得汉語教学大綱(草案)中所列的知識是合适的。语言学中的各个部门是密切联系着的,如果去掉其中的某一部门,則科学系統就会遭到破坏。
Literature, Chinese language teaching. Both Chinese and literature have their own disciplinary system and purpose, and they have systematic writing teaching at the same time as the teaching of Chinese and literary subjects. Since then, Chinese language classes have been no longer a mixture of Chinese and literary materials. They have lost both sides, but they have clearly differentiated and complement each other. Looking at the “Secondary Chinese Teaching Syllabus (Draft)”, it is generally based on the scientific system of Chinese as the disciplinary system of Chinese lessons in middle schools. There are three elements of language: speech, vocabulary, and grammar. In addition, text is a tool for recording languages (text is not an element of language. For example, some fraternal peoples still have only languages and no text). Punctuation marks are an aid to writing languages, and rhetoric is a form of language processing. These are all studies of the Chinese science. The Chinese syllabus (draft) was appropriately arranged according to these contents, and an “introduction” introducing the outline of the Chinese lesson was arranged at the beginning of the outline text. I feel that it is appropriate for junior high school students to obtain the knowledge listed in the Chinese syllabus (draft). The various departments in linguistics are closely linked. If one of them is removed, the scientific system will be destroyed.