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本文参考OECD的制造行业技术划分标准及WIOD投入产出表,将制造业进口的中间品分为四种不同的技术水平。以进口中间品的技术异质性为切入点,对柯布道格拉斯生产函数进行扩展,构建了不同技术水平进口中间品对制造行业增加值基础上的出口净技术复杂度(NSE)影响的模型,并运用1999-2011年的数据对理论模型的结果进行实证检验。结果表明,一种技术水平进口中间品对处于相同技术水平的产品出口净技术复杂度的影响为正,而对低于或高于其技术水平的产品的影响为负。此外,一种技术水平进口中间品对处于不同技术水平的产品的影响,除了受研发、人力资本等生产要素的影响,同时还受进口中间品使用方式的影响。基于此,本文对于中国如何通过进口不同技术水平中间品提升自己的NSE提出了较有针对性的政策建议。
This article refers to OECD’s manufacturing industry technical classification standards and WIOD input-output table, the manufacturing imports of intermediate products is divided into four different technical levels. Taking the technical heterogeneity of imported intermediate products as the starting point, the Cobb Douglas production function is extended to construct the model of the net technical complexity of exports (NSE) based on the added value of the manufacturing industry at different technical levels. And use the data of 1999-2011 to test the result of theoretical model. The results show that the import of intermediate products of one technological level has a positive impact on the net technical complexity of the export of products at the same technical level while the negative impact on the products of the technical level below or above their technical level. In addition, the impact of a technology-level imported intermediate product on products at different technical levels is affected by the factors of production such as research and development and human capital, as well as the way in which intermediate products are imported. Based on this, this article puts forward more pertinent policy suggestions on how to upgrade China’s NSE through importing intermediate products with different technical levels.