检察机关作为国家法律监督机关，依法独立行使检察权。为保证检察监督权落到实处，检察机关在发挥监督职能的同时，必须建立内部监督制约机制，从制度上保障检察权的依法公正行使，以更有效地严格执法，维护司法公正。在这种要求下，错案责任追究制应运而生。党的十五大报告明 The procuratorial organs, as the state legal supervisory organs, exercise independent procuratorial power according to law. In order to ensure the procuratorial supervision, the procuratorial organs must exert supervisory functions while establishing the internal supervision and restriction mechanism, safeguarding the impartial exercise of the procuratorial power according to law in order to enforce the law more effectively and safeguard the judicial impartiality. Under this request, the system of accountability for wrong cases came into being. Report of the 15th National Congress of the CPC