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1838年Rathk’s描述:许多哺乳动物在发育开始的很早以前,就有一个球形不规则凹陷薄壁囊胞,介于原始口根部后方及颅底下方,后来这一囊胞完全消失,形成了脑垂体。Mihalkivics(1875)确定了脑垂体前叶形成期学说,他指出Rathk’s囊胞细胞增殖速度不同,其前壁细胞增殖生长速度甚快,结果成为一个块状物构成了脑垂体前叶的主要部分;而后壁细胞则大部保持原状,增殖得很慢,形成中间部。这一囊胞在发育变形中,出现所谓“Rathk’s裂”及脑垂
Rathk’s description in 1838: Many mammals had a spherical, irregularly recessed, thin-walled cyst, long before the development began, behind the roots of the original mouth and below the base of the skull. This cyst disappeared completely and formed a brain. pituitary. Mihalkivics (1875) identified the theory of the anterior pituitary leaf formation. He pointed out that Rathk’s cyst cells have different proliferation rates, and that the anterior parietal cells proliferate and grow very quickly. As a result, a massive mass constitutes the main part of the anterior pituitary; The posterior parietal cells remain mostly intact and grow very slowly, forming the middle part. In this developmental deformity of the cyst, the so-called “Rathk’s cracking” and brain plague occur.