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旨在研究黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对小鼠的单独及联合毒性作用。选取21日龄昆明系雄性小鼠96只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复8只。试验期间各组小鼠饲喂相同的饲料,第Ⅰ组为对照组,每天灌服生理盐水,第Ⅱ组灌服200μg·kg-1AFB1,第Ⅲ组灌服500μg·kg-1DON,第Ⅳ组灌服200μg·kg-1AFB1+500μg·kg-1DON。试验期为30 d。分别于试验的第15天和第30天,每个重复随机选择4只小鼠经眼球采血,用于测定血清生化指标,同时剖检小鼠,取肝脏和脾脏,计算脏器指数,并观察肝脏病理变化。结果显示,在试验第15天时,与对照组相比,第Ⅳ组小鼠肝脏、脾脏相对指数、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高,总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著降低;同时,第Ⅳ组小鼠肝脏、脾脏相对指数、AST活性和MDA含量显著高于第Ⅱ、Ⅲ两组。试验至30 d时,与对照组相比,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组小鼠的增重量均显著降低;第Ⅳ组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和r-谷氨酰基转移酶(r-GT)活性显著升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和TP、ALB含量显著降低;与第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组相比,第Ⅳ组小鼠血清ALP、r-GT活性和MDA含量显著升高,而SOD活性显著降低。试验表明,AFB1和DON可显著降低小鼠的增重量、肝脏与脾脏指数、改变血清生化指标,且两者联合毒性作用大于任一毒素的单独毒性。
Aims To investigate the individual and combined toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and deoxynivalenol (DON) on mice. A total of 96 male Kunming mice aged 21 days were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 8 mice in each replicate. During the experiment, the mice in each group were fed the same diet, the first group was the control group, the rats in the control group were fed with normal saline, the second group was fed with 200μg · kg-1AFB1, the third group was fed with 500μg · kg-1DON, Oral administration of 200μg · kg-1AFB1 + 500μg · kg-1DON. The test period is 30 days. On the 15th day and the 30th day of the experiment, 4 mice were randomly selected from each of the replicates to collect blood by eyeball for determination of serum biochemical indexes. At the same time, the mice were dissected, the liver and spleen were taken, the organ index was calculated and observed Liver pathological changes. The results showed that the relative indexes of liver, spleen, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in control group on the 15th day At the same time, the relative index of hepatic and spleen, AST activity and MDA content of group Ⅳ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. At 30 days, the weight gain of mice in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of the control group. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ) And r-glutamyltransferase (r-GT) activity were significantly increased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and TP, ALB content was significantly reduced; compared with the group Ⅱ, Ⅲ mice Serum ALP, r-GT activity and MDA content increased significantly, while SOD activity decreased significantly. Experiments show that AFB1 and DON can significantly reduce the weight gain of mice, liver and spleen index, change the serum biochemical indicators, and the combined toxicity of the two is greater than the toxicity of any single toxin.