目的　了解肾脏疾病患儿肾小管受累情况。方法　应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫法 (ELISA)检测相应患儿尿视黄醇结合蛋白 (RBP)含量。其中急性肾炎 17例 ,原发性肾病综合征 16例 ,过敏性紫癜 2 5例。结果　三组患儿尿RBP与对照组的比较均明显升高 (P均 <0 0 1)。结论　不同肾小球疾病均伴有肾小管功能异常。 Objective To understand the renal tubular involvement in children with renal disease. Methods The urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) was detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among them, 17 cases were acute nephritis, 16 cases were primary nephrotic syndrome and 25 cases were allergic purpura. Results The urinary RBP in the three groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P <0 01). Conclusion Different glomerular diseases are associated with renal tubular dysfunction.